The True Story About Sat Essay Writing Test Samples Two Approaches That the Experts Dont Want You to Know

The True Story About Sat Essay Writing Test Samples Two Approaches That the Experts Don't Want You to Know Lies You've Been Told About Sat Essay Writing Test Samples Two Approaches The following two paragraphs must contain certain examples pulled from the text to support your principal argument. A couple of sentences to draw your reader in, followed by a couple of sentences with your principal argument and supporting examples are lots. Transition from the last paragraph within this example (1 sentence). Introduce your very first example with some sort of transition (1 sentence). New Questions About Sat Essay Writing Test Samples Two Approaches Students with special accommodations may be able to spend the test on a computer, but otherwise it is a written test. Keep it simple and simple, then move forward. It is often as large or as small as it is possible to consider! Holt Online Essay Scoring provides the next forms of feedback and. You will have to practice this. 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Theories That Make Up Workplace Motivation - 3574 Words

Culmination of Theories That Make Up Workplace Motivation Hani Dirani 7/20/2015 Organizational Psychology – Summer 2015 Lawrence Technological University Motivation in the workplace is often an ongoing problem for employers. Proper motivation is a key element in keeping employees driven to do good work and to finish tasks on time. There are several methods of motivation that help employees stay productive within an organization, and the means of motivation can vary wildly from person to person. Simply stated, different methods of motivation drive people differently. Webster’s dictionary says motivation is something inside people that drives them to action. In other words, it is the willingness to work at an†¦show more content†¦Without motivation, one will have no desire or drive to excel and become the best he can be. The study of motivation is ongoing and has several theories on how best to motivate a person. The term motivation did not come about until the Industrial Revolution but the idea of motivation has been around for centuries. The idea that a group of people came together to accomplish a goal is ev idenced by many notable events throughout history. The Chinese built the Great Wall of China, the Romans built massive road and sewer systems and the Egyptians built the great pyramids. â€Å"It took nearly 76,000 square feet, 480 feet high and has over 2 million blocks of stone each weighing 2.5 tons to build the pyramids. It is difficult to imagine the management needed to build these incredible structures. Each block of stone was only 7 inches from being a perfect square long before the advent of the first computers, calculators, or even any advanced system of mathematics.† (accel-team.com) Furthermore, one must keep in consideration the type of motivation that employees or peasants must have had at the time of building the pyramids. They were only offered food and water for the work they had to do. Fast forward to the 18th century during the industrial revolution when division of labor was brought up by Adam Smith who suggested making work more efficient by

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Case Study Business Process Reengineering - 2510 Words

Business Process Reengineering AIS Term Paper 900133849 Abstract Make sure the tense is the same Introduction â€Å"I think that this is the work of angels. In a world where so many people are so deprived, it s a sin to be so inefficient.† This is what Dr. Michael Hammer had to say when discussing his 1990s breakthrough business process reengineering idea (The Economist). As defined by Dr. Hammer himself, reengineering is to â€Å"use the power of modern information technology to radically redesign our business processes in order to achieve dramatic improvements in their performance.(HARVARD BUS REV)† The theme of my Management and Leadership class at Concordia is innovation and it enhanced my desire to learn about different innovative techniques in the business setting. We have oft discussed that if a business doesn’t innovate then it will go extinct (Daft and Marcic 311). Business process reengineering is one of the most influential business change movements of all time and it has been mired in controversy and shaken up the business world with both positive and negati ve contributions Literature Section: In 1990, while he was a Computer Science professor at MIT, Dr. Michael Hammer developed his idea of business process reengineering, or BPR for short (Economist) He published an article in the Harvard Business Review where he hoped to usher in a new era business efficiency by evaluating, streamlining, combining, andShow MoreRelatedCase Study: Business Process Reengineering General Motors Corporation900 Words   |  4 PagesCase study: Business Process Reengineering General Motors Corporation   â€Å"General Motors is one of three leading automotive manufacturing companies in the United States. Based in Michigan in 1903 by Henry ford and grew to reach revenue of $150 billion and more than 370,000 employees by 1996. In the 1970s, the automobile market for the major auto makers - General Motors (GM), Ford, and Chrysler- was crunched by competition from foreign manufactures such as Toyota and Honda. In 1999, Ford acquiredRead MoreBusiness Process Reengineering Essay1589 Words   |  7 PagesBackground Business process reengineering has widely become a significant trend in enterprise organizations seeking to innovate and massage business processes. It should come as no surprise that â€Å"over the last decade, numerous organizations have significantly changed their business processes in order to remain competitive in the global market† (Hadaya Pellerin, 2008). The text analyzes business process reengineering as a business process solution for efficiently improving information systems withinRead MoreReengineering The Corporation : Manifesto For Business Revolution1647 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The book entitled ‘Reengineering the Corporation: Manifesto for Business Revolution’ authored by the renowned reengineering consultants James Champy and Michael Hammer yields great insights regarding the change that the organization desperately requires time to time. Since the start of their book the authors begin in defence of reengineering as they insist that the process of reengineering is more than the forgotten fad of 1990s. This book is a must read for the business managers who have beenRead MoreSupply Chain Management Approach Analysis Essay1034 Words   |  5 PagesThis case study discusses a supply chain management approach analysis and describes how project managers should implement business processes to understand the importance of a successful project implementation. The case analyzes the â€Å"topics related to financial management, accounting, procurement, sales, marketing, contracts, manufacturing, distribution, logistics, the supply chain, strategic pl anning, tactical planning, operations management, organizational structures and behavior, personnel administrationRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Reengineering The Corporation 1230 Words   |  5 PagesREVIEW OF THE BOOK ‘REENGINEERING THE CORPORATION’ ‘Reengineering the Corporation’ is a book by Michael Hammer and James Champy that seeks to address the shortcomings of the various cultures and organizations in the business sector. The authors also give suggestions of how such cultures and processes can be discarded and better business processes adopted. According to them, this would be the only way to achieve the best performance and development in society as a whole. The book is divided into fourRead MoreReengineering The Corporation : A Manifesto For Business Revolution1437 Words   |  6 Pagesthe book Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business Revolution, Michael Hammer and James Champy discuss a concept that he originated known as â€Å"reengineering†. The process of reengineering involves coming up with new ideas, specifically processes, which are technologically advanced and extremely effective in completing corporate work. Companies must think ahead so that they will not only succeed today, but also set the rules for future business. A critical part of reengineering involvesRead MoreThe Changing Scenario Of Sbi ( State Bank Of India ) After Adopting The Concept Of Bpr Essay1503 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Financial institutions and banks will continuously claim in order to provide the customer driven services. For this the banks and financial institutions are being adopted the unique concepts in business process reengineering i.e., the fundamental rethinking and radical redesign in the business of processes to achieve the dramatic improvements of critical, contemporary measures in performance such as the cost, quality, speed and service. At present the era of cut throat competition in both atRead MoreThe Problem Of Lean Manufacturing1305 Words   |  6 PagesAgain, LT help firm to redesign the patients’ pathway. The significant numbers of waste were eliminated and achieved more efficient process. The patients’ pathways were reduced significantly. From the fact, originally, there were 19 steps in serving patients, but with lean they were reduced to 11. This leads to the deduction in lead time in just 80 minutes [16]. As usual, every theory implemented has its own limitation. For lean thinking, it can help manufacturing industry to achieve in minimizingRead MoreBusinbess Driven Technology1031 Words   |  5 PagesGOT MILK? IT’S GOOD FOR YOU UNLESS IT’S CONTAMINATED CASE STUDY/RESEARCH. Question 1: Explain why the supply chain can dramatically impact a companys base performance ANS: Supply chain management involves the management of information flows between and among stages in a supply chain to maximize total supply chain effectiveness and profitability. The dozens of steps are required to achieve and carry out each of the above components. SCM software can enable an organization to generate efficienciesRead MoreBusiness Process Reengineering2936 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction – Characterization of BPR 3 Concepts 4 BPR Methodologies 7 A Case study of Ford Motor Company 7 Business Process reengineering failure 10 Keys to Business Process Reengineering success 11 Case Study 11 Summary 12 Introduction – Characterization of BPR Business Process Reengineering explained Coffee Shop scenario Whenever we order our drinks at the coffee shops on a daily basis, we are actually triggering a business process. When the waiter at the coffee shop takes the order at our table

Perfume Essay examples - 1078 Words

(Continue from page 310, after quot;For the First time they had done something out of lovequot;) Grenouille does not feel dead oddly enough. One would figure after being torn to shreds and devoured by cannibals that your life would be over and you would be no more. However why does Grenouilles feel alive as if life had just begun? He sits there, feeling no physical presence to call his own and yet he feels vibrant and exhilarated. Like the many scents memorized throughout his life, thousands upon thousands of options as to why life is still felt by Grenouille flow through his mind. He knows that this is not physically possible, so he must think of it in another arena, not just physically. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;After many†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Finally on his fourth month of traveling Grenouille had found her. About a mile out of the town Montece, something caught his olfactory fancy. A new scent even more fabulous and exploding with sensuality than any other he had been able to bear witness to. He followed it like a wolf pack to its kill until at last he was on the threshold of this new scent. It was a modest cottage on the outskirts of Montece, kind of run down looking but there was a definite presence. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;For three days and nights Jean Baptiste hung around town and listened to the towns people talk and every so often a mention of this girl would come in to the conversation. Meanwhile the scent was driving Grenouille crazy and clouded his mind with thoughts that he was still a human presence, when he in fact wasnt. So with his curiosity at its peak he journeyed to the cottage. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Upon entering this home he found nothing in the entryway but coats and clogs. Jean Baptiste made his way up the stairs. The scent was unmistakingly there. He floated through the first few doors with no luck but at the door down the hall he sensed it. He smelled the missing ingredient to his ultimate perfume. It smelled strangely enough like the red haired girl of the past but there was a difference. A subtle difference that too most it wouldnt even register but to Grenouille it was a vast difference. He slowly made his way to the door and tookShow MoreRelatedInfluence Of Perfumes And Fragrances854 Words   |  4 PagesWalking into a perfumery, you are overwhelmed by the scents of citrus, floral, oceanic, woodsy, and more. Endless varieties of perfumes and fragrances at your grasp waiting to be bought. Which one will you choose? In many cases, advertising influences people’s choice in perfumes and fragrances. Not only does advertising affect the choic e in buying perfumes, but also in other areas of life like clothing, food, drinks, fitness and more. Even in the times before the technology era, advertising wasRead MoreHistory Of Perfume Essay1096 Words   |  5 PagesPerfumes have been used for over 5,000 years. It is believed that the ancient Egyptian s were the first to incorporate perfume into their culture. The Egyptians believed that the perfume was from the sweat of their sun god, Ra. Originally perfume (fragrances) were made from a combination of plant or animal products and rich oils. From Egypt perfume spread to other locations including Rome and Greece. Perfume was also widely prized in ancient China and Iran, although the Chinese used the scent inRead MoreIntroduction to Perfume Research1452 Words   |  6 PagesManufacture of Perfume Scent from Rosa Berberifolia Background of Research Why is it that women love perfumes as much as men love cars? According to (Smith and Wade, 2008) â€Å"There are studies that most of women’s reason for loving perfume is because of the pheromones their bodies produce. Often these scents or perfumes trigger the increase of how much pheromone a woman’s body will produce† (p.12) In studies carried out, nearly 80% of all women will make a perfume purchase at least each year. NotRead MoreBuying Behavior of Perfume3931 Words   |  16 PagesBEHAVIOR TOWARDS PERFUME† INTRODUCTION In this research we have survey the product performance and buying behavior of the fragrance of perfumes, which are used by people of all ages. During this research we have interacted with people of all ages who use perfume. After this research we came to know how people perceives these products on the variables like price, fragrance, advertisement, satisfaction, packaging, brand loyalty etc. We also came to know which particular brand of perfume is most preferredRead MoreThe Fragance Market and Perfume Industry792 Words   |  3 Pagesrevolving around the perfume industry. In spite of the slow recovery from the 2008 recession, market value of fragrances have increased 25.6% over the last 5 years (Key Note, 2013, pp. 15). The buying power of consumers and household disposable income is strengthening in the UK, even though unemployment rates and inflation are rising. Many would assume the financial condition of the macro-environment would result in consumers cutting spending on nonessential goods like perfumes. Surprisingly, buyersRead MoreComparing Perfume Advertisements Essays608 Words   |  3 PagesComparing Perfume Advertisements For my media coursework I’m going to look at two printed advertisements selling perfumes. One of them is called â€Å"very irresistible by Givenchy† and the other one is â€Å"rush by Dolce Gabbana†. I’m going to compare the slogan, the logos, target audience and the selling techniques used. The target audience refers to who will buy the product. The perfumes are both used by women primarily but the advertisements are aimed at bothRead MorePerfume Out of Rose Petals5375 Words   |  22 Pages The perfume is used today to describe scented mixtures and it is derived from the Latin word â€Å"perfumus† meaning through smoke. Perfumes were placed in a beautiful container. This container was mostly made of glass or plastics. Perfumes were used to scent our surroundings and also ourselves. It is used to scented good and be well-groomed to others. Some of the perfume has extinct essence but some are not. Original perfumes like CK, Hugo, Tommy, Polo Sport, etc. last longer than the perfumes you mayRead MoreUsers Buying Behaviour Towards Perfume1414 Words   |  6 PagesA PROJECT REPORT â€Å" User buying behavior towards Perfume † Submitted for the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award PGDM ACADEMIC SESSION (2009 – 2011) SUBMITTED TO:Prof. Shweta JainSUBMITTED BY:Prabhakar Rahul Enroll (2009PGDM031)Puneet Arora Enroll (2009PGDM033)Amit Bharti Enroll (2009PGDM004)PGDM (MARKETING AND HR) Table of contents 1. Introduction2. Hypothesis3. Research methodology4. Data analysis and interpretation5. Conclusion6. Read MoreEssay on Dolce and Gabbana Perfume Advertisement719 Words   |  3 Pages Dolce and Gabbana Perfume Advertisement I will be looking at the advert for the Dolce Gabbana perfume. This particular advert is trying to persuade the audience to buy both the male and female version of the perfume. To analyse this advert I will be using the key concepts. The advert has 3 main colours in it. The first is a light brown colour that is the background to the advert and also the same colour as the skins of the models. This brown is a warm positiveRead MoreMarketing Plan for Perfume JAdore, by Dior1091 Words   |  5 Pagesproduct: Dior’s Perfume, J’adore 1. J’adore is a timeless fragrance by Christian Dior. It was created in 1999 and remains one of the most popular fragrances of the brand for women. Christian Dior, the father of the â€Å"New Look†, had for mail goal to â€Å"save women from nature†. Dior is known everywhere in the world. â€Å"Absolute feminity† is one of the slogans for J’adore. 2. Dior uses different market segmentations to sell their product. First of all, there is a geographic segmentation. Perfumes are luxury

The Global Financial Crisis and Its Impact - 1820 Words

1.0 The Global Financial Crisis and Its Impact The recent Global Financial Crisis (GFC) initially began with the collapse of credits and financial markets, which caused by the sub-prime mortgage crisis in the US in 2007. The sub-prime mortgages were given to high-risk lenders (with bad credit history) who were in danger of defaulting, which eventually caused a global credit crunch, where the banks were unwilling to lend to each other. In October 2008, the collapse of the major financial institutions and the crash of stock markets marked the peak of this global economic slowdown (Euromonitor International, 2008). Although the origin of the GFC might have been the housing and financial crisis in the US, it affected both developed and†¦show more content†¦Moreover, if the interest rate maintains its position, the output would decrease even further (Chhabra, 2009). 3.2 Unconventional Monetary Policy Despite that many countries had reduced their interest rate to the lowest possible, a number of unconventional monetary policy have also been applied to face the challenges of the GFC. Quantitative easing and credit easing are the tools of unconventional monetary policy (Ashworth, 2013). Quantitative Easing Under conventional monetary policy, central banks try to boost economies indirectly through cutting interest rates. Quantitative easing occurs when an interest rate has reached its lowest, the central bank decides to increase the size of its reservation to purchase securities from private and public sectors. It forced the interest rate to stay downward and thereby the prices stay high. For the purposes of increase financial market’s liquidity and generate addition loans, central banks also pumping money directly into the market under quantitative easing policy (Murray, 2009). The Bank of Japan first applied to the theory due to a constant deflation in the economy in the beginning of the 21th century (â€Å"What is Quantitative Easing†, 2013). The quantitative easing of the US began in the late 2008, with the announcement that government would purchase a total value of $600 billion of agency debt from the Government SponsoredShow MoreRelatedGlobal Financial Crisis and Its Impact on India4465 Words   |  18 PagesGLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS AND ITS IMPACT ON INDIA Abstract: The effects of the global financial crisis have been more severe than initially forecast. By virtue of globalization, the moment of financial crisis hit the real economy and became a global economic crisis; it was rapidly transmitted to many developing countries. India too is weathering the negative impact of the crisis. There is, however, an important difference between the crisis in the advanced countries and the developments in IndiaRead MoreUnderstanding the Impact of the Global Financial Crisis2309 Words   |  9 PagesUnderstanding the Impact of the Global Financial Crisis: An Examination of One Companys Performance Indicators Introduction The global financial crisis of the recent past has been the subject of much commentary, investigation, and debate from people around the globe and from all walks of life. Despite the fact that politicians and armchair policy makers have gone round after round in debates regarding the causes and the ultimate effects of this worldwide economic downturn, the real effectsRead MoreThe Impact Of Global Financial Crisis On Global Growth And Movement2074 Words   |  9 Pageshousing bubble in the US burst and a liquidity crisis began, financial markets around the world were sent into mayhem. The global financial crisis (GFC) had begun, and was setting out to be the deepest recession since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The GFC was resultant from unbridled greed by the bankers including the issuing of risky mortgages, the inability of relatively poor consumers to manage their mortgages, inadequate regulation of the financial system, as well as a long term slowing downRead MoreImpacts of Global Financial Crisis on Hrm Policies8256 Words   |  34 PagesWhat is the role of hr in global crisis to retain the talented employees ? http://www.edalys.fr/documents/Stakeholders%20theory.pdf http://lexicon.ft.com/Term?term=stakeholder-theory Article - 1 Employees are not the most important asset of the company but the â€Å"right† employees are. Human Resource Management (HRM) plays a strategic role in the survival of an  organization. In this time of global financial crisis, Human Resource (HR) managers must not only innovate but must also act as change agentsRead MoreThe Impact Of Global Financial Crisis On The United States Essay1028 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The Global Financial Crisis, also known as The Great Recession, broke out in the United States of America in the middle of 2007 and continued on until 2008. There were many factors that contributed to the cause of The Global Financial Crisis and many effects that emerged, because the impact it had on the financial system. The Global Financial Crisis started because of house market crash in 2007. There were many factors that contributed to the housing market crash in 2007. These factorsRead MoreThe Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Greece Turkey2832 Words   |  12 Pagesof the Athens 2004 Olympic Games and the completion of the construction of major infrastructure projects, Greece has entered a new promising era.   The perfect organization of above major athletic event, which left an excellent impression with the global community, highlighted the enormous possibilities of the country and proved that Greece has gained the trust of big entrepreneurs on the international mar ket, both in tourism and other areas, and gradually is establishing itself as the ideal choiceRead MoreImpact Of Global Financial Crisis And Emerging Markets7336 Words   |  30 PagesRunning Head: IMPACT OF GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS (SP 500) AND EMERGING MARKETS (BRIC) 1 IMPACT OF GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS: DEVELOPED (SP 500) AND EMERGING MARKETS (BRIC) 23 Impact of Global Financial Crisis: (SP 500) Emerging Markets (Bric) Name Institution TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE ABSTRACT 3 CHAPTERS CHAPTER 1 – Introduction 1 CHAPTER 2 – Methodology 6 CHAPTER 3 –Literature Review 24 CHAPTER 4 – Analysis and Results 38 CHAPTER 5 –Read MoreThe Impact of Global Financial Crisis on the United Kingdom Essays2342 Words   |  10 PagesThe impact of global financial crisis on the United Kingdom Introduction This report will examine the affects of the global financial crisis, which was a result of the collapse of the sub-prime mortgage market in the United States, on the UK economy. First of all, it will look at the background of the global financial crisis. Secondly, this paper will analyses why the UK economy has been influenced by the global financial crisis, what effects of the financial crisis on the United Kingdom haveRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis Of 2008-10 And Its Impact On The Financial Health Of The Institutions999 Words   |  4 Pages The Global financial crisis has been described as the worst financial crisis after the Great Depression of the 1930’s. This was a Financial Crisis and affected terribly the banks of the United States of America. The banks during this time had low capital base and suffered from a serious liquidity crunch. Leveraging was very common at this time. This increased financial instability of the banks called for major changes in the financial regulations by the government. This essay will discuss theRead MoreEssay on The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Economic Growth4072 Words   |  17 PagesEconomic growth The impact of the Global Financial Crisis on economic growth As a result of the global recession, Australia’s GDP was forecasted to contract by 0.5% in 2009-10 in comparison to other advanced economies which were expected to contract by 3.75% in the same year. However minor the reductions in GDP, it was evident that Australia was not exempt from the global recession although is better placed and is expected to perform better than almost all other OECD economies. The global recession has

Nike Marketing Research - 2366 Words

Marketing Case Study: The Marketing Mix of Nike, Inc. BADM 370 15 April 2013 Executive Summary Nike, Inc.’s debut in the 1970’s was a milestone for the athletic industry. Starting with a simple of objective of selling affordable, quality athletic footwear, Nike has undergone an incredible transformation over the years into a dominating sporting goods company due to an efficient marketing mix. Today, Nike has reached annual sales exceeding over $20 billion, and has developed its business all over the world. In this study, these four marketing components will be reviewed: Target Market Product Price Placement Promotion Nike’s product variation,†¦show more content†¦Nike’s main competitors, Adidas and Reebok, each produce a similar product mix to Nike’s, and in order to keep a competitive edge, these companies attempt to optimize its current products and showcase new innovative products. The Summer Olympics, the biggest sporting event series in the world held every four years, presents Nike and other sporting good companies with a huge opportunity to showcase new products and fuel the competition in their industry through sponsorships of teams and individual athletes. By the next Summer Olympics in 2016, sporting companies will have another chance to show off their brand, enhancing the competitive rivalry between each other. Another competitive issue that inhibits Nike’s product distribution is the large amount of substitutes in the sporting goods industry. Consumers have a wide selection of footwear, apparel, and sporting gear retailers to choose from, which req uires sporting goods companies to enhance their marketing strategy to sell their products in order to survive in the industry. On the contrary, there are some economic factors that may benefit Nike’s marketing of product in the next few years. Since 2008 recession, real personal consumption expenditures have increased, indicating that consumers are willing to spend more of their money on certain items (Appendix B). This may be an opportunity for Nike to intensify marketing to consumers in order to increase sales at time where there is an increasingShow MoreRelatedNike : Social Media And Trend Oriented879 Words   |  4 Pages Once Bold is released in stores and online, Nike will continue promoting Bold through social media, specifically by working with social media influentials. Nike will contact up to 10 influential lifestyle/fitness bloggers to propose their products to over the 12 month period. Through compensated endorsements, bloggers will review Bold’s products through their own accounts. Our target market is most likely to react to reviews made by bloggers as they are more likely to trust those who have similarRead MoreNew Product: Nike Fitness1525 Words   |  6 Pagesproduct: Nike Fitness As more people become more health conscious, expanding to include fitness centers in their campaigns would be a great step for Nike, especially to compete with a fitness-focused company like Reebok. As the number one sport supplier and their relationship with their sponsored athletes, future consumers would definitely try their new products. They currently have the Nike Run Club and the Nike Training Club that both are free at select NIKE Stores in the United States. Nike Run ClubRead MoreAssignment For Unit 10 Market Research 1119 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Course BTEC Level 3, 90 Credit Diploma in Business Unit / Module / F Skill 10 LEVEL 3 Assignment Title Market Research in Business Lecturer/Assessor Terence Bowrage Issue date 25/03/2014 Submission date 23/04/2014 Student declaration I declare that this assignment is all my own work and the sources of information and material I have used (including the internet) have been fully identified and properly acknowledged as required. I understand that plagiarism of any kind will not be toleratedRead MoreReport on the Case Study Nike Essay1485 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study Nike This report has been produced to provide an insight into the consumer decision-making process, buyer behaviour factors that consumers of Nike are influenced by. The report also details recommendations based on the findings. 2.0 Summary =========== The report is about Nike, regarding the case study. The report elaborates on the aspects including buyer behaviour, brand image, consumer decision making, and marketing research techniquesRead MoreCelebrity Endorsement Marketing Campaigns1497 Words   |  6 PagesCelebrity Endorsement Marketing Campaigns Celebrity endorsement is a billion dollar industries today (Kambitsis et al., 2002) with companies signing deals with celebrities hoping that they can help them stand out from the clutter and give them a unique and relevant position in the mind of the consumer. According to Solomon (2002), the reasons for using celebrity endorsement involves its potential to create awareness, positive feelings towards their advertising and brand. Research has shown that celebrityRead MoreThe Effect of Positive and Negative Word-of-Mouth on Consumers’ Brand Evaluations1237 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom the marketplace and most product feedback is positive. In a study conducted by (East amp; Hammond amp; Wright 2007) results showed that 4/5 of WOM was positive whilst 1/5 of information was negative, correlating to the results of previous research. Their method was to survey of a sample of the general public asking them how many times they had recommended, and advised again X in the last six month s, where X was a dentist, bank, credit card provider etc. The results suggest that satisfiedRead MoreNike : Just Do It1385 Words   |  6 PagesNike: Just Do It. McDonald’s: I’m Lovin’ It. Nowadays, everything we buy has a message behind it. Advertisements are filled with motivational, emotional, and spiritual messages that provoke and inspire. In a world where advertisements are as abundant as flies and just as annoying, marketers must find a way to rekindle consumers’ interest in products. Marketers need to find a way to not just coexist with culture, but to become it. 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Physical Characteristics of a Spherical Lens -myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about thePhysical Characteristics of a Spherical Lens. Answer: Describe the physical characteristics of a spherical lens? Spherical lenses are classified as either concave or convex due to the curving of their spherical surfaces. Convex lenses are thick at the middle and thin at the edges. When light passes through the convex lens, it converges thus referred to as a converging lens. Concave lenses are thin at the middle and thick at the edges. Concave lenses diverge light passing through it thus are diverging lenses. Describe the physical characteristics of a toric lens and state the names given to the principal meridians on the back surface? Combines a spherical curve and cylindrical curve thus referred to as spherocylindrical Base curve - a principal meridian on the back surface with a minimum curvature What is the difference in the focus produced by a spherical and toric lenses? In a spherical lens, parallel light rays diverge from a singular focal point in concave lenses and converge in a singular focal point in convex lenses while in toric lenses, focus is at different focal points from different meridians How can you improve the field of view for hypermetropic patients? Patients who have a long sightedness disorder are referred to as hypermetropic patients or rather suffer from hypermetropia. This means, when parallel light rays pass through their eyes, objects are focused beyond their eye's retina. First, troubleshoot clinically the level of hypermetropia in order to give the right prescription. Some stages may require a prescription of spectacles with convex lenses so that focus of rays is on the retina or contact lenses prescription to eliminate prismatic effects. Other advanced stages may require surgical procedures but consult with the patient further if a surgical procedure is the only method that will improve their field of view. Describe two methods of reducing the finished centre and edge thickness of a pair of spectacles? Flattening the lenss base curve Using aspheric lens designs that generally use small sizes of spectacle frames, therefore, reducing the edge thickness of the spectacles What does minus cylinder form mean how is it used in lens design? Minus cylinder is a notation used to describe the cylinder power for the few diopters whose divergence is greater than the sphere component. The plus cylinder and minus cylinder differ by way of the different shapes produced for the ophthalmic lens used in managing the thickness and frame fitness during the lens design. Therefore, in lens design, a minus cylinder is used to manage the thickness of a lens and fitness of a lens into the frame. Polarization and polarized lenses: How are polarized lenses manufactured and how does this differ from non-polarized tinted lenses? Manufacture of polarized lenses involves stretching a material made of needle-like crystals of herapathite and a transparent polymer film of nitrocellulose, through the application of magnetic or electric fields to make the material dichroic. Polarized lenses and non-polarized tinted lenses differ by way of how they work in protecting an individual if worn as sunglasses. Polarized lenses for instance protect an individuals eyes from the suns UV rays as well as reflections and glares that cause irritation. On the other hand, non-polarized tinted lenses used in sunglasses do not offer UV protection and instead block sunlight from above in gradient tinted lenses or everywhere if they are double gradient tinted. Explain how sunlight from the environment is polarized? The Rayleigh sky model explains how sunlight from the environment is polarized by a way of a celestial pattern consisting of molecules from air, aerosols, water and dust and geometrically represented by a celestial triangle with Zenith, The sun and the scattering point of the sun rays as the apices. The pattern depends solely on the position of the sun in the solar system. Rays of light are maximally polarized at a circular band in an angle of 90 degrees from its source which is the sun and as the earth rotates around the sun, the degree of sunlight polarization changes too. (Ropars, Lakshminarayanan, Le Floch, 2014). How do polarized sunglasses lenses filter plane polarized light? When plane-polarized light passes through the polarized lenses of the sunglasses, the light waves vibrating parallel and horizontally from the source of light travel in a traverse form and enter the sunglasses. The lenses filter the waves by blocking red light which causes glares and allows blue light which is less glaring. This gives way to blue light waves vibrating vertically from the source of light What is the advantage of filtering polarized light? When used in cameras for photography purposes, filtering polarized light leads to the production of an image with increased image contrast by reducing the glare. Reflections on high minus lenses are reduced by an anti-reflective coating. Explain how the antireflective coating does this? Lenses with anti-reflective coating are manufactured using an oxide coat which blocks light reflections which would otherwise cause glares, halos and reflections around light. High minus lenses with anti-reflective coating when hit with light, the reflections made usually look like rings which make the lenses appear thick thus reducing external and internal reflections of light. List the troubleshooting steps for a progressive lens wearer complaining of a narrow reading range and distorted peripheral vision? Take a square mirror about 7 inches square and make a dot at the center of the mirror using a marking pen Place the mirror between you and the patient on the dispensing table so that it is at the patients working distance. Place all necessary markings on the PAL lenses. Make a good adjustment after putting them back to the patient. With his head straight and a reading position, let the patient take a look at the marked dot made on the mirror Look back and forth into the mirror and the patient as they look at the dot. Observe if the patient is looking via the point circle or otherwise. The highest probability is they are not. With great care, mark with the use of the marking pen on the lenses where the patient is looking so that you can make PD requirements. (Bentley, Trevaskis, Woods, Guest, Watt, 2017). The mirror test is a useful diagnostic tool for progressive lenses. Describe the process of using it including the equipment needed? Using a square mirror that is about 7 square inches, make a dot at the center of the mirror using a marking pen Place the mirror between you and the patient on the dispensing table so that it is at the patients working distance. Place all necessary markings on the PAL lenses. Make a good adjustment after putting them back to the patient. With the patients head straight and at a reading position, ask them to take a look at the mirrors marked dot. Look back and forth into the mirror and the patient as they look at the dot. Observe if the patient is looking via the point circle or otherwise. The highest probability is the patient is not looking through the near point circle Carefully mark using the marking pen on the lenses where the patient is looking in order for you to make PD requirements. The requirements for this procedure is a mirror, lenses for making new markings on, and a marking pen. (Bentley, Trevaskis, Woods, Guest, Watt, 2017). Explain why it is considered more accurate than just checking the mono distance PDs for near vision alignment? The ophthalmologist has the ability to make keen observations of the eye and thereafter make conclusive PD requirements that totally minimize the margin of error if they use the mirror test. This is in contrast to the mono distance PD for near vision alignment whose margin of error is higher. This is because the ophthalmologist is neither able to observe the pupil directions nor the position of light on the pupil. The significant advantage of aspheric lenses Aspheric lenses eliminate unwanted magnification appearance that is common in the conventional spherical lenses used by hypermetropic patients. Among myopic patients, aspheric lenses eliminate minification, which is the converse of the magnification appearance of spherical lenses used by hypermetropic patients. What measurements must be taken when dispensing aspheric lenses and why is this necessary? A dispenser records all information provided by the lens manufacturer just in case the lens has to be remade in the occasion that problems arise. To avoid the off-axis power errors that are mainly caused by improper fitting, the ray of the optical axis has to go via the eyes center of rotation. This should be done by the dispenser placing the optical axis on the surface of the aspheric lens. Therefore, in every 2 degrees of pantoscopic tilt, there should be a 1mm drop in the lens whereby the optical centers of the lenses are placed vertically and horizontally but in a monocular way. A 5-year-old child requires spectacles. Their Rx is +4.00DS R L. No patching is required. Explain some of the difficulties you may face in meeting the needs of the child taking into account their wants as well as those of the parent? The parents may have the unfounded belief that wearing spectacles weakens eyes. This may be as a result of past experiences of friends or relatives who had complained after having a spectacles prescription from quacks or unexperienced ophthalmologists and optometrists. This should be a greater cause of alarm for the parents since reading spectacles prescription for a 5-year-old is quite rare, unless the child is myopic or hypermetropic. Studies have also shown that Chinese children have this belief too, that wearing spectacles contribute to the weakening of eyes. Care, therefore, has to be taken in order not to prescribe erred spectacles which lead to ocular disorders The child may complain of the weight of the spectacles. Even though the weight of spectacles is usually negligible, for a 5-year-old child, the weight might be overwhelming. However, they should adapt to wearing the spectacles after a while. The choice of the frame that the child or the parents may prefer prior to visiting the clinic may not be available. Since dissatisfaction is one of the leading causes for the negative attitude towards a certain type of spectacles prescribed, it is important to meet their needs by giving them a future date of when to collect their preferred spectacles with the specified frame of choice. The child may prefer spectacles that are beyond the cost that the parents are able to meet. Since children cant understand cost setbacks the parents are incurring, it would be very hard convincing the child to choose another cheaper type. What lens and frame choice will be suitable for the child given that they are only 5 years of age? The spectacles need to have a small frame in order for the lens thickness too to be as small as possible. Lens that are less thick tends to reduce the risk of peripheral vision that is blurred or distorted. Plastic frames have for long been the most suitable frames for children due to the fact that they are more durable than their metal counterparts. Plastic frames with spring hinges would be more advantageous as they reduce regularly adjustments that would be made as children are not very careful with spectacles. Given that the child will be reviewed every 12 months by the ophthalmologist, why is it necessary to remake the spectacles even if the Rx doesnt change? The pupillary distance will have changed since the child will be growing up, therefore, the need to remake the spectacles. If not corrected or remade, the spectacles would be sliding down their nose as they would not be fitting well with the childs developing nose. Due to the playful nature of children at this age, the lens may have scratches or the frame lose due to cracks, therefore the need to remake the spectacles if repairs and adjustments are not possible for the old spectacles. References Ropars, G., Lakshminarayanan, V., Le Floch, A. (2014). The sunstone and polarised skylight: ancient Viking navigational tools? Contemporary Physics, 55(4), 302-317. Bentley, S. A., Trevaskis, J. E., Woods, C. A., Guest, D., Watt, K. G. (2017). Impact of supervised student optometry consultations on the patient experience. Clinical and Experimental Optometry.

Product Recalls at Jaguar Land Rover Case Study

Question: Discuss about theProduct Recalls at Jaguar Land Rover. Answer: Introduction Jaguar Land Rover Limited is a behemoth British multinational automotive company that is known for their luxury cars and off road vehicles. The company is owned by Tata Motors a subsidiary of the Tata Group, which manufactures automobiles for all economic groups including military vehicles, construction vehicles and buses. Jaguar Land Rover was initially a part of Ford Motors and was acquired by Tata Motors in 2008. The company has more than three hundred thousand cars sold under land rover and 60000 under Jaguar. The company is a billion dollar subsidiary and owing one of their luxury car is a pride implying the quality and reputation of each of the automobile produced by them. Source Problem The need to incur revenue has always been a pressure on luxury car producers as the number of customers are limited. The increasing and consistent competition given by several other brands such as Porsche, Bugatti, and Lamborghini is also a burden. This has led to a situation where several car manufacturers are using parts that are not completely safe or are defective in nature (Shende, 2014). Customer safety here is not being considered as the prime factor. The emphasis is being placed on luxury. Though customer safety is a major part of the features presented by the company, the same is not being prioritized in smaller parts of the car. Secondary Problem Jaguar Land Rover is the manufacturer of several luxury cars that are exported all around the world. However, in the past few years, the company has been recalling several of its models due to safety issues. Recalling of cars always has a negative impact on the company. The call is generally made to minimize the ruination of the corporate image before a bigger issue pops up (Bae, 2014). Every recall is costly. Short Term Problems The short term problems faced by the company would be locating and contacting the car owners, picking the cars, replacing the parts which would involve significant labor and product cost, delivering the car (Isidore, 2014). These are however, insignificant when compared to the long term issues caused. Long Term Problems Recalling a car creates distrust amongst customers. Safety standards are highly valued by customers and when one is investing huge amount into a luxury car it is often expected. The image of a corporate as a negligent company is branded into the market. The sales of models that are being recalled significantly drops (Liu, 2014). The cost for producing a product that is harmful for the customer is intangible and it leads to negative publicity. Also, the company would be lead responsible in case of issue post product replacement. Legal cases may be filed against the company as well tying up the company in judicial hassles that would often lead to monetary retribution (Venugopal, 2012). Analysis Recalls in todays world have become pretty common. It is not just Jaguar land rover that has been recalling. The recent case of the Japan based automobile manufacturer Toyota has recalled several cars and have publicly apologized for their testing setbacks. This would mean that the issue is not focused on a single company but is a much wider than an organization. In the first week of August, 2016, Jaguar Land Rover recalled Takata airbag equipped cars. The airbags has a degraded propellant in the airbags installed on the front passenger side. At least, 54000 cars have been effected due to the same (Biggs, Lasker, Webb, Stocksdale, 2016). There is a possibility for the airbags to rupture. Especially in places that are high in humidity and the chances of the car being exposed to high temperatures, faster degradation of the airbag would happen. In cases of an accidents, the rupture may cause the airbags to deploy abnormally causing greater damage due to the chance of exploding metal fragments. Airbags are the key safety measures taken for the safety of the customers. Several companies charge the car based on the number of airbags placed in the car. It is to note here, that not all the airbags in the cars are damaged, but rather the one on the passenger side. Since driver airbags are mandatory for several countries, several other countries do no t require the placement of a passenger airbag. In fact an extra amount is charged for the passenger air bag and the same is of low quality when compared to the driver air bag. In the last week on June, 2016, the company recalled 11,000 vehicles in China due to faulty sensors and gear box (PTI, 2016). This was reported by a local news channel and only then the company has recalled the cars. The faulty sensors may cause the engine to stall while driving. The Chinese industrial watchdog had confirmed these observations and have released the affected car numbers which was reported. The company was made alert by an external entity. The company itself has failed in identifying issues. The issues with the crankshaft sensors caused serious threat to the customers that drive especially on highways. In some cases, the car may not even start. This would be a serious issue with the off road vehicles. 6067, Land rover Discovery 4 vehicles and 5214 range rover models are a part of this recall. Note that the recall is not restricted to one particular division of the company. It is indeed an issue with both the land rover and the range rover models. Though the company ope rates as a single entity Jaguar, Land Rover and Range Rover are three separate business lines that has separate financial records and manufacturing areas. The testing for all three of them are done in separate conditions as Jaguar is more of a luxury car, while the range rovers are pure off road cars. Land Rover on the other hand is a combination of both. However the above recall is a proof of insufficient testing conditions and ignorant testing results. In mid-week of August, 2016 4500 cars in South Korea have been recalled due to possible fuel leak issues (bdk, 2013). Despite the advancement in technology the safety parameters are being either seriously ignored or are being traded for profits. The vehicle testing is either not being done in all possible conditions or is not being done in the correct way resulting in the errors being caused by the manufactures. Note that recall happens only when the company estimates that the damage done by recalling the calls is less that the damage that would be caused if the issue is found out. So the chances that there are several automobiles with minor safety issues which are not usually highlighted during accidents or are over shadowed by other issues still exist. This would again question how truthful the companies are actually being to the public and how many automobiles are customers driving that are not completely safe. It is highly unlikely that the company is unaware of the issues. Three incidents in a single year clearly shows the negligence of the company in ensuring customer safety. Merely putting up safety features in not sufficient especially in case of off-road cars as the cars are used in extreme climatic and road conditions. Also, the cars are pretty expensive and hence through testing and safety measures are expected. Apart from this, government authorization is required for the company to release a new model into the market. So the other big question is if its only the companys fault or the governments as well. Alternatives To ensure that the recall issues not occur and the short term and long term problems are handled the below strategies can be applied Short Term Ensure negative publicity is crumbed. Release press notes apologizing and acknowledging the faults. Find the source of the issue and let the customers know why the incidents occurred and how they are being rectified. Provide positive assurance on how the issues would not happen again Long Term Thoroughly analyse the cause of the issues. Change the current testing procedure Change the current testing parameters to suit extreme conditions Test vendor equipment before and after installing in the automobiles Recommended Strategy Short Term The current strategy of the company should be to overcome the negative publicity first by ensuring the customers and the media that necessary steps are being taken to create a better and appropriate testing conditions (Raub, 2014). Long Term Investments should be made to ensure that the testing conditions and parameters are revamped by the finance team. The revamp should be based on the suggestions of the R and D department and also the external test agencies. The analysis of the test results should be made much through. Testing should be done in all possible conditions that the automobile may face and any output that results in impacting the customer safety should be alternated with a suitable solution. Investment in customer safety should be made rather than on marketing (Arp, 2016). Criteria of Evaluation The testing criteria of the automobiles would have a separate segment named as customer safety. The quality of all the parts have to be thoroughly inspected. The assembled parts have to work in all possible condition, both temperature and terrain. Sensor calibrations should be emphasized on (Karabetsos, 2014). The testing parameters should be satisfied 98.5% of the time in testing conditions. Testing should also be done on actual terrain conditions where the customers are likely to use the vehicles. The vendors that supply the parts should also test their products. Jaguar Land Rover should set rules on the minimum testing criteria that the vendor has to pass through to supply the products to the company (Hakim, 2015). The company should ensure that recalls should not arise at least for the next five years. Justification of Recommendations The recommendations made are all based on the testing capabilities of the company. The criteria needs to be changed and the testing conditions as well. Under laboratory conditions, the vehicle may perform as required but under actual terrain conditions the same not be true as well. Also, the ethic of the company needs an intervention as they would have to be rigorous with themselves to ensure only the right product comes out. This strategy is adopted as it is resolves the crux of the problem rather than talking about the shoots (Vroman, 2012). Our strategy such as publicity and marketing like the current problem intact, and hence customer safety would still be an issue. The above solution directly impacts both short term issues of recall costs and long term issues of reputation. Conclusion A lot of budgetary constraints may occur for implementing the solution. Revamping the testing criteria, testing the vendor products while ensuring their current policies are intact is an expensive. However, the company is in the act of repairing its reputation and if changes are not made there is a chance they would lose their customers (Helm, 2013). Financial investments need to be earned either from the parent company or the group company and the issues need to be resolved. Though the impact may not be directly seen, ensuring customer safety will increase the reputation of the company (Saeidi, 2015). References Arp, D. (2016). Testing for protection of children in cars. Neuroscience journal of Shefaye Khatam, 3(4), e13-e13. Bae, Y. K., BENTEZ SILVA, H. U. G. O. (2013). The effects of automobile recalls on the severity of accidents. Economic Inquiry, 51(2), 1232-1250. bdk. (2013, May 9). Nearly 4, 500 Jaguar, land Rover cars to be recalled in S. Korea. Retrieved September 24, 2016, from https://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/business/2016/08/18/0501000000AEN20160818007400320.html Biggs, J., Lasker, A., Webb, J., Stocksdale, J. (2016, August 4). Jaguar land Rover recalls Takata airbag-equipped cars. Retrieved September 24, 2016, from https://www.autoblog.com/2016/08/04/jaguar-land-rover-takata-airbag-recall/ Hakim, D., Bradsher, K. (2015). After Volkswagen revelation, auto emissions tests come under global scrutiny. The New York Times (Sept 24, 2015). Available at: https://www. ny t imes. com/2015/09/25/business/international/vo lk swa gen-emi ssions-pollution-regulations. html. Helm, S., Tolsdorf, J. (2013). How does corporate reputation affect customer loyalty in a corporate crisis?. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 21(3), 144-152. Isidore, C. (2014). GM cars sold: 12 million. Recalled: 13.8 million. CNN Money. Karabetsos, E., Kalampaliki, E., Koutounidis, D. (2014). Testing Hybrid Technology Cars: Static and Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field Measurements. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 9(4), 34-39. Liu, Y., Shankar, V. (2015). The dynamic impact of product-harm crises on brand preference and advertising effectiveness: An empirical analysis of the automobile industry. Management Science, 61(10), 2514-2535. PTI. (2016, June 23). JLR recalling 11, 000 vehicles in china over faulty sensors. Retrieved September 24, 2016, from Companies, https://www.livemint.com/Companies/2TJGCMpm6tNeW2maWvb2SL/JLR-recalling-11000-vehicles-in-China-over-faulty-sensors.html Raub, S. P. (2014). What drives extra-role customer service behavior?-The interactive effect of self-efficacy and psychological safety climate. In 32nd EuroCHRIE conference" Hospitality and Tourism Futures", Dubai 6-9 October 2014. EuroCHRIE. Saeidi, S. P., Sofian, S., Saeidi, P., Saeidi, S. P., Saaeidi, S. A. (2015). How does corporate social responsibility contribute to firm financial performance? The mediating role of competitive advantage, reputation, and customer satisfaction. Journal of Business Research, 68(2), 341-350. Shende, V. (2014). Analysis of research in consumer behavior of automobile passenger car customer. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 4(2), 1. Venugopal, P., Soni, A., Tiwari, R., Gupta, S. (2012). Product recall: Effect on brand perception. International Journals of Marketing and Technology, 2(12), 199-208. Vroman, R., Gloyns, P., Roberts, J. (2012). Testing of Rear Seat Strength in Cars. ANEC

CSR Business Practices

Question: Write an essay onCorporate Social Responsibility. Answer: Introduction Corporate Social Responsibility or CSR is includes the business practices that also incorporates benefits of the society. CSR increases long run benefits of the company and enables the company to attain sustainability in the business. The companies must put their effort not only to maximize their profits but also to have positive impact of its business on environment and social well-being. CSR has gained growing importance in the business management (Clapp and Rowlands 2014). Corporate Social Responsibility also receives specific attention in the field of sports industry. Professionalization of the many sports in last few decades indicates that some major sports event has become an industry itself, as these sports involve management and marketing as well (Chen et al. 2015). In this research, the focus will be on understanding the Corporate Social Responsibility in the Sporting industry in Australia, specifically on influence of Football or Soccer. The purpose of the research will be stated and significance will be identified. In addition to this, research questions will be formulated in this paper. This proposal will brief the literature, based on which research is based upon. It will also analyze the research methodology and discuss the ethical consideration. It will also brief the expected outcome of the research to be conducted. Focus of the study The purpose of the project is to identify the role of CSR in the Sports industry; and how it is gaining importance over the years. In this section, research questions will be formulated based on the research objectives as follows: To find out if soccer creates value through Corporate Social Responsibility and how sports-based companies view Corporate Social Responsibility To evaluate the significance relationship between performance of the Sports Company and CSR. Research Questions: a) Does Soccer create value through CSR? b) How do the sports-based companies view CSR?c) How much the Soccer clubs or national Football franchise spend on CSR?d) Is there any relationship between the performance of the company and Corporate Social Responsibility? Review Carroll has described the evolution of modern CSR and concept has diversified and developed on conceptual basis. The four dominating areas of the study of CSR are economic responsibility; legal responsibility; ethical responsibility and philanthropic responsibility (Cortsen 2013). In terms of economics, the sports teams have responsibility to earn profit. The sports franchises emphasize to earn profit that affects the economic development in the region. Professional sports teams have major influences on the city, in terms of employment generation. Scholars have noted that franchise or a sports team can bring other business into the city if the team improves the image of the area. Unlike traditional business, sports businesses are valued on their created revenues apart from cash flow and assets. The type of players the team can afford depends on the revenue (Kitzmueller and Shimshack 2012). Moreover, the operating structures of sports teams are different from traditional organizations . The sports leagues are mostly owned by corporations and some are owned by small partnership goals. Therefore, how the companies are making profits are the corporate responsibility of the sports franchise. The sports teams are also bound to follow laws and the regulations of state and federal government. The sports teams and the league corporations receive legal benefits because of their category. Hence, it is more important to follow all legal rules. Scholars have opined that sports laws have become a discipline because sports like Soccer produce million-dollar deals, in terms of player contracts; media usage and league revenues from gate receipts; club seats; advertising etc. These high stakes lead to legal issues in this industry (Ehie 2016). To maintain fair competition in each league, anti-trust laws are different. Issues like gambling for match fixing; trademark rights and doping are major in terms of legal responsibility of the sports industry. For players involvement in the illegal activities, organization is not responsible but activities of one player do have severe impact upon the team. Hence, it is crucial to incorporate legal responsibilities under CSR.Apart from economic and legal responsibility, sports companies should confined to maintain additional behaviors and activities that are not mandatorily codified. Ethical aspect includes fair play by the players and sportsmanship (Paramio-Salcines, Babiak and Walters 2013). Philanthropic responsibility of the sports industry incorporates cash donation to the NGOs, like, free tickets; sponsorship of some community event; volunteerism of the employees. Since, professional sports teams hold a high profile; philanthropic responsibility is important in order to succeed financially (Manimalar and Sudha 2016). It is empirically evident that professional teams are engaged in charities of millions of dollars. Hence, this aspect is incorporated under CSR. Sports clubs of Europe adopted CSR in order to achieve strategic organizational goals (Blumrodt, Bryson and Flanagan 2012). In the North America, CSR activities of the sports team are driven by internally and externally as well. The Scottish Premier League is significantly engaged in the CSR activity and this involvement is considered as motivation for the company (Hamil and Morrow 2011). In contrast, the Italian Serie A League is forth among European soccer leagues in terms of revenue but they have put less effort in the CSR activities (Picariello and Trendafilova 2012). At the global level, FIFA has also created CSR unit. This research will further find out the involvement of CSR in the sports industry and its relevance in the sports management. Research Methodology In order to answer the research question, it is required to explore Corporate Social Responsibility within the sports industry, specifically the influence of Soccer. To conduct this research, proper methodology is required to be adopted. Research Philosophy: The philosophy of this paper follows positivism, as this research relies only on the real facts and figures; and does not take into account any subjective facts like human interest and emotions. Research Approach: The approach of this research work is inductive in nature. This is because; here the research will be conducted to answer some specific research questions formulated in the beginning of the research process (Panneerselvam 2014).Research Design: The design of this paper is descriptive in nature. It does not aim to formulate any hypotheses from the findings. This kind of research work aims to answer some specific questions. It focuses on building the idea of the research topic. It tries to answer the questions like How; W hat; when rather than why. Data Collection Method: In order to find out the answers to the formulated question, both quantitative and qualitative data is to be collected. In order to find the value creation through CSR; spending of the Football franchises, the information will be in terms of numerical values. Therefore, the data will be quantitative in nature (Neuman and Robson 2012). The research is also based on qualitative data as to know the views of the sports based company about CSR, interviews are to be conducted with the owners of the sports franchises or with other members. These information are qualitative in nature that will help to describe the relevance of CSR in this industry.Data Type: The research is based on both primary data and secondary data. The figures of revenue or the spending on CSR can be obtained directly by enquiring the sports companies; this is primary in nature. However, the data might be available in the official websites of the companies or in other medium, which will be considered as secondary data. The relevance of CSR in sports management can be identified from several journal articles; research paper or books. The collected information through questionnaire is of primary in nature.Sampling: The quantitative data are collected through random sampling method. Some random sports franchises or companies of Australian Soccer have been chosen in order to collect their revenue through CSR and spending on CSR. Questionnaire has been provided at the time of interviews to collect the views of the sports companies of this country regarding Corporate Social Responsibility. Data Analysis: The collected quantitative data will be analyzed through statistical tools. As one of the research questions aims to find out the relationship between the performances of the sports-based companies, this will require to carry out an overall analysis. This will help to understand the statistical significance of CSR in performance of the sports business. Through collecting quantitative information, facts can be obtained and analyzed to answer the research problems. Ethical Consideration The research must consider addressing the ethical aspects. The data or information should not be hypothetical; it must be real. Otherwise, the finding will not be reliable. If the revenue and spending amount on CSR is collected from primary sources, research will not publish the values without the consent of the owners or the management and it will only analyze the values and interpret the results in the data analysis section. The individual response obtained from questionnaire or interviews must be kept confidential (Gajjar 2013). The secondary data that are obtained from other research papers on the same topic, will be addressed properly and will not be used or demanded as primary data. Expected Outcome It is expected that most of the sports based companies of Australia prefers CSR in their business practices. From the literature review, it has been identified that importance of CSR in the Sports industry is growing over time. Therefore, there can be positive relationship between CSR and performance of the company.Project Report:Corporate social responsibility in the Sporting industry in Australia: a focus on the influence of Football (Soccer)Introduction: The society is increasingly interested into engaging in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and this is a very important area in the corporate sustainability on the public, business and research agenda. This is crucial for the business management and gained in the management discipline. CSR helps the organization to clarify their business ethics, acknowledge the expectation of the stakeholder and associate it to the benefit of the society (Plewa et al. 2015). CSR is an area where there is extensive literature is available on the internet. All professional degree holders and researchers they have agreed CSR is important for business as this would imply the variation in the understanding of the term , issues related to it and by whom it is applied(Mazodier et al. 2015). All the global industries are engaged in the development, discussion and implementation of CSR. This will help the managers to perform better and compete. There is very little relevance of CSR noticed in the sports management and marketing specially in football industry. Sports franchises are interesting phenomenon in respect to CSR to maintain profit and their success related to finances depends on the community support for the team (Beus, Matanda, and Michael 2016). There are different ownership and management model followed by the sports franchises. There are teams owned by a single owner of large multinational group. The sports manager needs to be aware of the developments that are taking place in the socio economic forum just like that o f the corporate managers taking in to consideration the stakeholders and their interests. The sports industry in Australia is huge business. Sports business in Australia contributes 7.9 billion dollars to the economy Australia and employment generated is around 95000. The imputed value for the voluntary contribution to sports is around 1.6 billion dollars (Paramio-Salcines et al. 2015). The industry ranks with the defense, transport and financial services in importance to the GDP of Australia. The increasing awareness related to the governance issues in the business helps in giving a framework for the evaluation of the emerging focus on the issues of governance in the professional sporting bodies. CSR in the football industry is important part for each clubs agenda it is more than just a trend of business. The activities communicated through this have not gathered enough of academic interest. This research report will help in the investigation of role of CSR in professional football and data collected through the sports franchises or the companies of the Australian Football. This would help in understanding their spending on the CSR and earnings from it. Research Problem/ Issue and the Description of the Organization/ IndustryThe researcher faced a lot of problems while conducting the entire research. One of the most important factors in this case is the cost factor. As a result, it was not possible for the researcher to reach out to more individuals in order to know their CSR value related to sports. the researcher also found it difficult to find the data that were collected regarding the contribution of the sports industry in the economy of Australia. The main reason for the problem was that the time period was limited. The researcher also found it difficult to make quantitative prediction. It also became difficult to make quantitative prediction and the analyzing the data was also time consuming. As far as qualitative research is concerned, there are relatively small numbers of individuals who participates in the research method. These participants are less probable to take the research process seriously (Hamari et al. 2014). One of the most important outdoor team sports in Australia is the Soccer sports also known as football. It was in the late 19th century, the British migrants introduced the modern Soccer in Australia. Wanderers were the first club that was formed in Australia in the year 1880. The National Soccer League was first introduced in the year 1977 (Soni, Verma, and Joshi 2016). However, later a fully professional league replaced it. The domestic Soccer competition runs throughout the year in Australia. However, the professional league takes place during the summer season and the semi-professional league takes place during the Australian winter season (Hallinan and Hughson 2013). The Football Federation Australia that is FFA governs the Soccer in Australia. At present, FFA is the member of the Asian Football Confederation as well as the regional ASEAN Football Federation. The Professional Footballers Australia mainly represents the former as well as current Australian expert players of Soccer ( Galbreath and Shum 2012). As per the records, in the year 2006 a total of 970,730 individuals in Australia participated in the sports (Stell and Salisbury 2015). Literature Review - As opined by (Trendafilova and Nguyen 2015), in the sports industry in Australia the Corporate Social responsibility (CSR), is a growing field of academic study. In the case of the high profile individuals who are associated with the Australian Sports industry, CSR has become a common factor. CSR is also known to have a youth appeal that helps the young people to get engaged to a CSR program that is associated with sports. CSR also helps to deliver a positive impact on the health with the help of the programs as well as proposals that are designed around physical exercise (Hassan, 2013). CSR also helps to aid the social communication by perpetually involving group participation. Thus, with the help of CSR the sports industry in Australia will receive an instantaneous benefit of indulgence. As opined by (Foreman 2012), the sports industry in Australia is a huge business and the sports industry contributes more than $7.9 billion in the economy of Australia. The sports industry also gen erates employment to more than 95,000 individuals (Kasemsap 2014). The most successful football code in the country is the Australian Football League which is also known to conduct the most admired national sports league. In Australia, there are almost sixteen clubs for football and a self-governing commission administers the Australian Football League and the commission members are elected by the clubs. The commissions are in turn responsible for the long-term development of the game. The Australian Football is responsible for generating revenue of $108.447 million and the turnover of each club is roughly $15 million (Vyas and Nalwaya 2015). The corporate social responsibility in the football sports is widely acknowledged by the corporatization of sports. The corporate performance of Football in Australia has been improved by considering three major drivers. The globalization of the business has been one of the major reasons which surpass the national laws as well as regulation. Th e growth in theThe Australian Football is a strange irony that is played almost completely and the Australian Football is also an outstanding entity. As per the reports, there are more individuals who are willing to participate in the Australian Football. The first resident of Australia as well as the Australian Football shares a rich entwined history (Bradbury and OBoyle 2013). The development of the game is one of the most vital parts of the Australian Football League as it provides broad national strategies across six core areas. The six core areas include participation, coaching, sports first aid, talent as well as umpiring, community and original programs and events (Coutts et al. 2015).The corporate social responsibility is one of the important parts in the football industry. The report mainly aims at filling up the gap of the literature by providing the ways in which corporate social responsibility is promoted. As opined by (Vrondou 2015), the corporate social responsibility has evolved as a noteworthy strategic issue for the modern corporation as well as it received augmented attention by the researches on the worldwide basis. The sport holds an economic importance in Australia as it employs more than 75,000 individuals in Australia. As per the reports, each year the households in Australia spends more than $A8.4 million on the services and commodities related to sports (Breitbarth et al. 2015). The people in Australia are fitting sports into their busy schedule with the objective of getting a healthy lifestyle. As opined by (Smith, 2012), the theory of the stakeholders suggests that the CSR or the corporate social responsibility requires the association of the sports industry to consider all the interest of the stakeholders which includes the investors as well as the consumers and the suppliers. The corporate drift towards the social responsibility symbolizes a vital opportunity for capitalizing a plea on sports. The operation of corporate social resp onsibility in the course of the sport offers considerable potential for society return. The enlistment of the sports as a vehicle in order to contribute to the corporate social responsibility is viewed as a distinct opportunity which is mainly for the organization which is in charge of the sports. The Sports industries in Australia are known to make the tradeoffs related to CSR. However, in the trade off related to sports industry in Australia, the consumers mainly demands for a better stadium, which fulfils the requirements of the community. there are two different ways in which CSR can act. The first one is that the sports industry can be good for CSR and the second is that the sports industry can be good for CSR. The dimension, which is associated with the social responsibility of the sports industry, should be acknowledged. The procedure of achieving the social return from sport is very uncertain and it also lacks a logical force for confederacy. The following are the features t hat are associated with the social responsibility of the sports: Social Interaction The Corporate social responsibility in the Sporting industry in Australia, offers a platform which helps to encourage the social interaction in a practical way. The programs which are associated with Soccer are mainly designed for social return which stimulates social consistency as well as fair play. The Football Association in Australia has made a noteworthy investment regarding the social responsibility. As per the reports, more than 40 percent of the income of FIFA goes directly towards the support of the grassroots of the game. The qualitative analysis is one of the best analyses that need to conduct while dealing with the corporate social responsibility of the sports industry in Australia. With the help of the analysis, the researcher was able to reveal that how the sports teams are engaged in a number of socially responsible activities. It has also been found that the different teams of the football industry in Australia puts into practice the diverse corporate social responsi bility which are mainly based on the core mission of the programs (Westerbeek and Smith 2012).The corporate socially responsible activities related to the Sporting Industry in Australia are not restricted to charitable donation, charity, initiatives related to education as well as health and the development of the community. Based on the qualitative analysis, a high degree of interdependence has been noticed among the local community actors as well as the organization associated with sports in the backdrop. Hence, there are a number of factors that have led to the corporate social responsibility in the Sports industry in Australia. There are mainly four categories that are included in the category of CSR. The four factors include compassion, community as well as the education initiatives of the youth (Hu et al. 2016). Research Methodology and Data Collection: Research Methodology is an important part of the research where there are certain defined methods that are used by the researcher. The researcher will be carrying survey by sending the questionnaire to the team owners and community relationship director for different clubs for total respondents of 50. The main aim is to see the function within the team and relationship with CSR.Research Philosophy: There are mainly three types of research philosophies i.e. Positivism, Interpretivism and Realism. In this particular research, the researcher will be using the method of Positivism. This would involve the scientific collection of the data, which is empirical in nature, and there is no interference with human thoughts. There is a need for a proper hypothesis with the data collected. There is an in-depth analysis of the future conducted through Positivism. The other concepts like Interpretivism and Realism does not consider the real issues and it is also time consuming. The structure that i s well defined with the definite rule and regulation is followed in Positivism (Mackey and Gass 2015).Research Approach: The research approach is important so that research is done accurately. The approaches that is used for the purpose of the research are deductive approach and inductive approach. The researcher in this research will be using the deductive approach. The approach will be dependent upon the conclusion derived from the approach. The inductive approach fails in considering the appropriate forms of recommendation and researcher would not be finding any base which the research is being performed (Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault 2015). In case of the deductive approach, the researcher will be deriving some idea from the previous research that has been already conducted by many other researchers. This help in building knowledge and gathering of ideas.The researcher will be using the descriptive forms of research. The information will be availed by the researcher by getting a mo re wider and sound knowledge on the topic which is going to be gathered by the researcher (Blumberg, Cooper and Schindler 2014) . With the information that is gathered the researcher will be trying to develop the feelings and the ideas and put that is practical application as experienced from life. The other two types of research design are not considered as there is no detailed analysis and description that is available for the topic. Sampling: Sampling is a process through which a certain section of the total population is selected for the purpose of the research (Billig and Waterman 2014). There are mainly two types of sampling in a research i.e. the probability based sampling and non-probability based sampling. There is no biasness in the probability based sampling technique for the selection of the candidates. The research will be using probability based sampling technique for questioning the respondents. Team owners and community relationship director for different clubs for t otal respondents of 50 would be taken as sample Collection of data: The data collection is a technique, which helps in carrying out the research through the use of particular tool for the purpose of the research (Punch 2013). The data collection divisions are Quantitative and Qualitative. The researcher in this research will be using the quantitative form of research. The questionnaire framed is based on the 5 point-likert scale. All the questions are close ended.Quantitative Data Collection: In case of quantitative collection of data there are 50 respondents interrogated who are selected for the survey. The questionnaires would be sent through the online medium i.e. through the email. The options are provided for each of the possible questions in the questionnaire. Through this the researcher will be able to get the data that is required for the research and this would be helpful in carrying out the future researches. The statistics that is gathered will help in carrying forward th e study on the deeper understanding.Data Analysis: The data that is gathered from the primary sources is related to the journals and magazines that has been collected to frame the literature review. The data that has been collected will be represented in the form of chart and tables so that a clear understanding of the survey is made. The data collected is analyzed in the MS Excel software. Since the data collected is quantitative so it is very easily analyzed and interpreted.Accessibility Issues: The researcher has to face accessibility issue when performing the research. The collection of the data from the respondents is quite difficult. There were times when the researcher was not able receive the response from the target respondents. Since the medium of internet for accessing the respondents so they were reminded from time to time to fill up the questions for the research so that the tabulation of the data could be made within the time constraint. The collection of the email id of the community relationship directors and the team owners yet the researcher was able to get those from the credible sources. Ethical Requirements: Ethics in research is very important for a researcher. The questions that are framed in the questionnaire must not be made in such a way so that the sentiments of the respondents are not hurt. There is a need for applying ethics in all the stage of the research (Creswell 2013). It is quite important for upholding the ethics in this particular research and the research will be dependent upon the good will of the respondents for willing to share their personal information on their awareness , behavior and attitude (Walter. and Andersen 2013). The researcher should be able to build up a trust so that they are able to deliver the accurate information. The permission of the respondent by the researcher is very important. One must not advantage of the easy to access group, as they are easy to access. The sound type of ethical considerations suggests that the researcher needs to protect and preserve the dignity, privacy and freedom of the participants in the research (Gustafsson Herrmann an d Huber 2013. The respondents must be made to learn the nature and purpose of the research so that they can decide whether to engage in the research or not. 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